"In every night there's a different black."
This line encapsulates the essence of Burzum’s fourth full length album,
Filosofem (meaning, “Philosopheme”).
Filosofem
is an expression of Varg’s overarching philosophy. Musically, that
philosophy is grounded in the concept of difference and repetition.
Progressions slowly, almost without being noticed, differentiate over
extended durations of time. The listener is lost in a paradoxical middle
ground where sound seems to be simultaneously stagnant and morphing.
While Varg plays with difference within repetition on all Burzum
recordings, it is here that the technique is employed in its purest
form. Each song contains only a small number of progressions that that
are repeated for extended periods of time with subtle changes slowly but
surely emerging.
The same concept is expressed through the lyrics and accompanying
stories (the booklet contains a number of stories in Norwegian; the
English versions are only available on the Burzum website).
Filosofem
is a concept album loosely based on the interplay of light and
darkness: two oppositional forces that contrast each other but are also
dependent on one another for meaning. Varg explores this interplay at
both the literal and metaphorical level. For example, the story
“Creeping and Crawling, Rustling and Fluttering” and the lyrics to
“Burzum” explore the way in which night and day reveal the world through
two oppositional filters; the story “Mouse Town” and the lyrics of
“Gebrechlichkeit” describe a decrepit world in which the darkness has
been removed and only light remains, an allusion to the Christian God of
light.
Filosofem also marks a sharp change in production and execution
for Burzum. The production is much cleaner and sharper than on prior
recordings. It is the first Burzum album that does not in any way
qualify as raw black metal. All the instruments are crystal clear and
the performance is tight. While prior albums had a sense of uninhibited
fervor,
Filosofem is a work of precision. Every note is on point
and every tap of the drum is on time. Even Varg's signature howls are
replaced with a more reserved, raspy growl. All these changes could hint
a gross misstep in Burzum's development, but as a matter of fact, the
cleaner style is the perfect medium for the songs of
Filosofem.
The album can be divided into two uneven parts. There are the opening
three tracks which are lively and vivid; then there are the closing
three tracks which are slow and contemplative. Certainly, there are
multiple ways to interpret the relation of the two parts of the album,
but considering the emphasis on light and darkness, it feels as if the
first three songs represent the day and the last three songs represent
the night.
The opening half contains a trio of energetic cuts of black metal.
“Burzum” (which is actually the first song Varg wrote for Burzum)
centers on a hypnotic riff that slowly slithers back and forth while
hollow keys release notes like drops of water. Background layers of
guitar sneak in and out of the composition. Then, in an absolutely
exquisite moment, the notes are rearranged and Varg shifts from growl to
spoken word. It’s a subtle but highly effective change that typifies
the compositional techniques used throughout the album. "Jesus Tod" is
absolutely enthralling. After a wicked guitar intro, the song breaks out
into a ravenous pairing of sprinting drums and scathing guitars. Though
there is very little change in the progression, the song still manages
to build toward cathartic overflows. On “Erblicket die Töchter des
Firmaments” a hard rocking riff and a steady drum beat are accompanied
by ghostly keys. The sharp and steady percussion provide all three songs
with a dynamic, fluid movement that hints at primal drives such as
hunger and lust.
The second half of the album is quite a shift. The percussion disappears
and the songs become even more repetitive. The centerpiece is the
massive, twenty-five minute ambient piece “Rundgang um die
Transzendentale Säule der Singularität,” which begins in a curious and
playful tone but slowly shifts into a deep and solemn mood. It’s like
watching a spiritual epiphany unravel; the melody initially seems simple
and banal, but by the end has transformed into a brilliant choir of
shimmering keys. Yet, even at its most profound, the music remains
gentle and solemn. “Rundgang…” is bookended by “Gebrechlichkeit” parts I
and II, which are basically the same song, only the first one has
vocals while the second is instrumental. “Gebrechlichkeit” (meaning
something along the lines of “frailness”) is a highly depressive song
that centers on somber progressions on guitar and keys. The lyrics
describe a world in which darkness is gone and only light remains—the
world of the Christian God. In lieu of the dynamism of light and dark,
all power is drained and one left in a state of absolute frailty. The
song effectively depicts the Christian heaven as the most horrific realm
fathomable. By blanketing the multifaceted, paganistic “Rundgang…” with
the hopeless monotony of “Gebrechlichkeit,” Varg resoundingly depicts
the spiritual superiority of paganism over monotheism.
Black metal has always been a genre tightly bound to ideology, but few
black metal acts have created an album that is as ideologically complete
as
Filosofem.
Filosofem provides a doorway into a
paganistic worldview, in which darkness and light are at constant play
with one another. Appropriately,
Filosofem is a significant
moment not only in the musical development of black metal—the employment
trance-inducing repetition has caught on like wildfire—but also in the
philosophical development of the genre.
Filosofem maintains the
critique of Christianity that is so central to black metal, but moves
beyond the contrarian obsession with Satanism and into the realm of
paganism. While
Filosofem is by no means the first black metal
album to take up paganistic themes (to one degree or another they’ve
always been around, at least in the Norwegian scene), Varg’s use of
repetition is the perfect tool through which to express an ideology that
is grounded in the cycles and patterns of nature. For achieving a total
unity of ideology and sound, it is fair to describe
Filosofem as a perfect black metal album.
Overall: 10/10